The invention discloses a rock coring machine, which comprises a base, a holder, a lifting bracket, a drilling assembly, a first power unit, and a second power unit; the holder is arranged on the base, and is used for holding a rock to be cored; relative to the base, the lifting bracket is liftably supported on the base; the drilling assembly is rotatably arranged on the lifting bracket, and is used for coring the rock; the first power unit and the second power unit are respectively fixed on the lifting bracket, and the first power unit and the second power unit can be switched to be transmissively connected to the drilling assembly, so that one of the power units is chosen to supply driving force to the drilling assembly. Because the rock coring machine has a manual power mode and an electric power mode, in the absence of power supply, the rock coring machine can ensure that the work of rock coring can be carried out. Moreover, the rock coring machine is small, disassemblable and convenient to move for operation, and in particular, the rock coring machine is applicable to the work of field rock coring. Because of the characteristics of the invention, the rock coring machine can be widely applied in geological exploration works, such as early-stage exploration of oil and gas fields, regional geological mapping, geophysical and geochemical sampling, palaeomagnetic sampling and geological disaster prevention.