The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear safety control, and relates to a cooling-enhanced containment vessel suppression system. The system comprises a large-volume closed water tank, a ventilation pipeline, a condensation return pipe and a waste liquid pool. The large-volume closed water tank is arranged inside a containment vessel, a gas space is reserved at the upper portion, and water is contained in the lower space; the ventilation pipeline is arranged inside the containment vessel and penetrates through the large-volume closed water tank for guiding gas inside the containment vessel into the large-volume closed water tank; the condensation return pipe is soaked with water contained in the large-volume closed water tank for being communicated with the ventilation pipeline and the space inside the large-volume closed water tank and performing condensation backflow on the gas flowing through the containment vessel of the ventilation pipeline; the waste liquid pool is arranged in front of a gas outlet inside the containment vessel of the ventilation pipeline for receiving condensed liquid guided out by the ventilation pipeline. By means of the cooling-enhanced containment vessel suppression system, the cooling effect and the suppression capability of the containment vessel suppression water pool can be enhanced, and the phenomenon that hydrogen explosion happen at the suppression water pool position after water vapor is condensed is avoided.