The invention relates to a fireproof flame retardant cable and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cables. A cable core is composed of an inner conductor; and an insulating layer and a fireproof insulating layer sequentially covering over the conductor. The insulating layer is made of polyolefins. The fireproof insulating layer is made of a polymer doped with mica powder and aluminum oxide. The cable includes at least one cable core. The cable core is wrapped with a flame retardant coating. A filler material is disposed between the cable core and the insulating coating. The outside of the flame retardant coating is provided with a flame retardant polymer layer. The fireproof flame retardant cable of the invention has good flame retardant performance, and the impact resistance and flame retardance of the cable are improved by using the multi-layer composite structure and the modified coating component.