The embodiment of the invention discloses a data processing method based on a block chain. Transaction data, of the block chain structure, broadcasted by charging piles is stored in each server in a server cluster in a distributed manner, and thus the problem that data is highly concentrated is solved. As only one server in the server cluster is responsible for storing the transaction data broadcasted by the charging piles within preset time, increasing speed of a block (an area for storing the transaction data) in the server cluster is reduced, and the requirements of massive transaction data transmission processing, and node data compressed storage in an energy source network can be met. After the block is generated, the data stored by the block cannot be modified, so that public trust and security of data storage are ensured.