The invention provides a wheel pair test forcing device and a wheel track test system. The wheel pair test forcing device comprises a support assembly comprising a rolling element, a first support, an elastic member, a second support and a locking member. The outer peripheral surface of the rolling element is pressed against the top surface of a support beam, one end of the elastic member acts on the rolling element, the other end of the elastic member acts on the first support, the first support is fixedly connected to the second support, the second support is located below the support beam, the second support is fixedly connected to a first actuator, the first support member is fixedly connected with the support beam when the locking member is locked, and the first support member is translated upwardly from the support beam under the tension of the elastic member after the locking member is released. The wheel track test system comprises the wheel pair test forcing device. A rail wheel assembly capable of supporting rail vehicle wheel pairs is arranged below the first actuator. The present invention is capable of efficiently adjusting the position of the vertical loading force applied to the wheel pair and can reduce the cost of the test.