The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety, and relates to a coal rock non-linear permeability coefficient testing device and method. The device includes a coal sample sealer, an inlet end pressure control system, an outlet end pressure control system and a vacuum pipeline system. The coal sample sealer comprises a thermostatic bath and a gas chamber. The gas chamber is disposed in the thermostatic bath. A seal cavity is mounted in the gas chamber. A hollow cylindric steel bar penetrates the middle of the seal cavity. The lower part of the steel bar, which protrudes out of the seal cavity, is adopted as a connection gas outlet end. A bent top cover is hermetically mounted on the seal cavity. The annular surface of the top cover is evenly provided with a plurality of sieve holes. An upper seal check block is disposed on the top cover. The gas chamber has a cylindric structure. The side surface of the gas chamber is provided with a side chamber valve. The inlet end pressure control system and the vacuum pipeline system are connected to the side chamber valve. The outlet end pressure control system is communicated with the connection gas outlet end. A problem that mine gas treatment lacks theoretical directions is overcome. The basis for formulating a reasonable drainage and mining scheme for mines is provided.