The invention provides a satellite precision single-machine measurement method. The satellite precision single-machine measurement method comprises the following steps: step 1, arranging a set of immobilized theodolite to align to a reference surface of a main standard prism; determining the theodolite as a main theodolite, so as to form a main theodolite measurement reference coordinate system; step 2, measuring another reference surface of the main theodolite by utilizing one set of auxiliary theodolite; reflecting a direction vector of the prism surface to the auxiliary theodolite; aligning the theodolite with the main theodolite to measure a relative offset angle and the like. By adopting the satellite precision single-machine measurement method, the requirements on a satellite parking time and a platform of a satellite parking frame are reduced, and the precision measurement working efficiency is effectively improved, so that the time for type development is saved; the space precision measurement of single machines including a star sensor and the like and the installation precision of the single machines are ensured, and a good foundation is laid for in-orbit high precision attitude measurement; the single-machine measurement method is referred to and popularized by other types.