The invention discloses a method for regulating liquid crystalline orientation through liquid crystal polymer-modified gold nanoparticles. The method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a liquid crystal polymer through living polymerization, modifying a disulfide compound at the tail end of the polymer and grafting the polymer on the surfaces of the gold nanoparticles by using a two-phase Brust-Schiffrin method; dissolving the liquid crystal polymer-modified gold nanoparticles and then spinning the surface of a silicon wafer, and carrying out annealing to obtain an oriented liquid crystal polymer-modified gold nanoparticle film; and finally preparing a liquid crystal box by using the silicon wafer coated with the film and a surface vertical orientation-modified cover slip to achieve regulation of the liquid crystalline orientation. According to the method, regulation of the liquid crystalline orientation can be achieved under the induction of not adding an electric field or magnetic field; the method can be applied to preparation of an intelligent nanomaterial; and due to the advantages of special photoelectric property, good biocompatibility and low toxicity of the gold nanoparticles, the method has a wide application prospect in the fields of photoelectric materials and biological materials.