An adaptive equipment overload emergency control method based on automatic measure sensitivity identification. According to the method, for equipment overload emergency control causing no power grid splitting, e.g., single disconnection or same-station parallel equipment total disconnections: when equipment overload is determined for the first time, calculating, according to a measure sensitivity initial value, equipment overload emergency control measure combinations to control the power grid; reckoning, according to the control effect, integrated measure sensitivity, and utilizing the integrated measure sensitivity to update the sensitivity of other measures of a station to which a recently applied measure is accessed; calculating the equipment overload emergency control measure combinations; and iterating "sensitivity reckoning-control measure calculation" until the equipment overload is eliminated. The method can comprehensively guarantee control precision, timeliness and reliability.