The invention discloses a structure and a device for cleaning and fixing an adjustable array atmospheric corrosion test piece. The structure comprises a support base, a plurality of fixed slots, a plurality of movable slots, a plurality of adjusting bolts, two support panels and two support frames, wherein the two support panels are vertically fixed to the right and left sides of the support base respectively, and the rear side of the support base is fixedly provided with the vertical fixed slots; the upper surface of the support base is fixedly provided with the movable slots, and one end of each adjusting bolt penetrates through the side of the support frame and extends into the movable slot; the fixed slots correspond to the movable slots one by one, and the movable slots correspond to the adjusting bolts one by one; the lower ends of the two support frames are connected to the two support panels with the bolts respectively. The technical effects are achieved that a plurality of atmospheric corrosion test pieces can be cleaned in a cleaning machine one time after being fixed with the fixing structure, and the cleaning efficiency is high; and manual direct contact with cleaning solution is avoided, and the safety is high.