The invention relates to a planar cable through type anti-collision limiting comb teeth expansion device. The existing bridge comb teeth expansion device is utilized, a porous channel is formed in a horizontal plane vertical to the driving direction in the middle part of a comb teeth plate in the thickness direction, a high-strength flexible steel wire rope penetrates through the porous channel, the steel wire rope with certain looseness is designed according to the limit required expansion amount obtained through anti-earthquake analysis and calculation of a bridge structure, and the steel wire rope is fixed at the middle part of each comb teeth plate by a fixing device. When adjacent girder bodies get close and are about to collide under the action of earthquakes and other impacts, the existence of the high-strength flexible steel wire rope controls the further approaching of the girder bodies to avoid collision and play a role in limiting; when the adjacent girder bodies depart from each other, that is, when the risk of falling of a girder is about to happen, the high-strength flexible steel wire rope plays a role at the same time to limit the expanding displacement of the girders, and the falling of the girder is controlled. The planar cable through type anti-collision limiting comb teeth expansion device is simple in construction, saves materials, is stable in anti-seismic property, is convenient to produce and use, and is safe.