The present invention discloses a fast, low-overhead and full-automatic digital integrated circuit single-particle fault injection system. The system comprises a man-machine operation interface and a fault injector; the fault injector comprises a fault circuit netlist code generation module, a function vector and fault random signal generation module and a simulation statistics and calculation output module. With the system of the invention adopted, full automatic single-particle fault injection is realized; a process files is processed in real time, so that influence on simulation performance caused by memory explosion due to excessively large storage quantity can be avoided; and the overhead of a calculator for simulation can be reduced.