An exhaust smoke rotary-washing type heat exchange device adopts a full-closed water sleeve boiler barrel (2) internally provided with an intermediate smoke barrel (1). An upper opening of the smoke barrel (1) penetrates through the top of the boiler barrel (2) to communicate with the atmosphere, and a smoke exhaust space is reserved at a bottom opening of the smoke barrel (1); a space allowing exhaust smoke to pass is reserved in a smoke exhaust opening (10), closely attached to the smoke barrel (1) to stretch toward the inner top of the boiler barrel (2), of a boiler smoke exhaust pipeline (12); the boiler barrel (2) is fully filled with the exhaust smoke from top to bottom, and the exhaust smoke is exhausted upward from the lower opening of the smoke barrel (1); a space allowing sucked smoke to pass is reserved between a smoke sucking pipe (3) and the boiler top, and the smoke sucking pipe (3) is close to the intermediate smoke barrel (1) and provided with a fan (8); and smoke blowing openings (17) which lead to pipe openings of horizontal branch pipes (15) on the inner wall of the boiler barrel (2) from a smoke blowing pipe (4) and are internally tangent to the barrel wall (14) drives sucked and blown smoke to form infinite rotary smoke which infinitely and rotationally washes a heating surface (7) of the inner wall of the boiler barrel (2) in the boiler barrel (2) through the fan (8), thus the hot smoke repeatedly and rotationally washes the heating surface for infinite repeated heat exchange, the convention of an existing low-efficient heat exchange coal economizer provided with a heat exchanger penetrating through the economizer is broken, and an urgent technical scheme is provided for energy saving and emission reduction.