The invention relates to a mineral fine grinding and ultrafine grinding method taking ceramic balls as media, and belongs to the technical field of metal mineral separation. The mineral fine grinding and ultrafine grinding method is characterized in that grinding is conducted by a medium-high speed stirring grinder, and specifically comprises the steps that the ceramic balls are selected as the grinding media, wherein the Mohs hardness of the ceramic balls is greater than or equal to 9, the density of the ceramic balls is 3.6 g/cm<3>-4.5 g/cm<3>, and the diameters of the ceramic balls are 1 mm-4 mm; the big-and-small ball ratio of ceramic-ball grinding media is determined according to the particle size distribution of materials; pulp density is 45-65%, an appropriate proportion is selected according to the effective volume of a grinding drum, and loading is conducted; and finally the edge linear speed of a stirrer is controlled to be 6 m/s-25 m/s. According to the mineral fine grinding and ultrafine grinding method taking the ceramic balls as the media, an ideal grinding effect can be achieved; and under the same equipment and technology conditions, compared with a method using ceramic-ball media with the diameter of 20 mm, the power consumption of stirring grind is decreased by 11%, the stirring treatment capacity is increased by 15%, and the effect is remarkable.