The invention provides propylene copolymer microcellular foam materials and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method includes: blending propylene copolymer which is binary copolymer of propylene and 1-butene or alpha-olefin or propylene-ethylene-1-butene ternary copolymer with 0-50 parts of toughening agent, 0-100 parts of filler, 0-80 parts of conductive filler, 0-100 parts of reinforcing agent, 0-80 parts of flame retardant, 0-20 parts of antistatic agent and 0-3 parts of coupling agent, and performing intermittent or continuous physical foaming to obtain the microcellular foam materials of different functions. The prepared propylene copolymer foam materials which are environment-friendly and compression-resistant buffer thermal-insulation materials are excellent in seismic performance, energy absorption performance, heat resistance and oil resistance, lightweight, good in adhesiveness and printing and dyeing performance, low in cost, short in cycle, controllable in density, widely applicable to fields such as cars, buildings, food packaging materials and household appliance packaging, and the like.