A permanent magnet expressed by a composition formula: R p Fe q M r Cu t Co 100-p-q-r-t . The magnet comprises: a metal structure including a main phase having a Th 2 Zn 17 crystal phase and a grain boundary phase. The main phase includes a cell phase having the Th 2 Zn 17 crystal phase, a Cu-rich phase having a Cu concentration higher than the cell phase, and a plurality of M-rich platelet phases extending in a direction intersecting with a c-axis of the Th 2 Zn 17 crystal phase in a section including the c-axis and having a M element concentration higher than the cell phase. In the section, the cell phase has a 200 nm diameter or more, and a gap between the M-rich platelet phases is 80 nm or less.