The invention provides a method and a device for detecting bugs of an elliptic curve algorithm. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring an energy consumption curve of a chip in implementing digital signature based on an elliptic curve algorithm, wherein the energy consumption curve refers to a curve that energy of the chip changes at any time; according to energy variation characteristics of the energy consumption curve, confirming an energy consumption curve to be processed in correspondence to non-adjacent representative NAF conversion from the energy consumption curve when digital signature is implemented by the chip; according to the energy consumption curve to be processed and an energy consumption characteristic databank which is established in advance, detecting whether an elliptic curve has bugs or not. According to the method, whether the elliptic curve has security bugs at an NAF conversion part or not is detected via energy curves of the chip in digital signature, then the security bugs can be repaired by manufacturers in time, and the security of the elliptic curve algorithm is further improved.