The invention relates to a start and stop control system and a start and stop control method of an automobile. The control system comprises an EMS module and a camera, wherein the camera is connected with the EMS module via a CAN bus; the EMS module is connected with the engine of the automobile; the camera is used for acquiring traffic road condition information, and transmitting the information to the EMS module via the CAN bus; and the EMS module is used for receiving traffic road condition information, and controlling the engine to operate according to the traffic road condition information. According to the scheme of the system and the method provided by the invention, the camera is added in an existing parking strategy, the forward traffic road condition can be recognized more early and the engine enters a stop state, and thus oil saving and consumption reduction efficiency is improved; the control strategy is changed, automatic stop and start management is optimized, cost caused by addition of the control module is avoided, and the driving requirement of a driver is met in time; before an operation action of the driver is triggered, the system automatically judges the road condition and automatically executes stop and start, and thus intelligence and high-tech feeling of the whole automobile are embodied.