The invention discloses a platform pile shoe and a drilling platform. The platform pile shoe comprises a pile shoe main body, and a plurality of turnover boards hinged with the pile shoe main body; the turnover boards surround the pile shoe main body; the turnover boards rotate outwards under soil body acting force during pile inserting, so that the bearing area of the platform pile shoe is enlarged; the turnover boards rotate inwards under the own gravity and the soil body gravity during pile pulling, so that the bearing area of the platform pile shoe is reduced; and the outer ends of the turnover boards are higher than the lowest point of the pile shoe main body when the pile inserting is completed, and are lower than the lowest point of the pile shoe main body when the pile inserting is not carried out. The platform pile shoe and the drilling platform can provide better bearing area, so that the platform stability is ensured; and the bearing area during the pile pulling is reduced, the pile pulling resistance is reduced, and thus the pile pulling is facilitated.