The invention discloses a chromium-aluminum ion compound profile control agent for a highly permeable duct type oil deposit and a use method thereof and relates to the field of applied chemistry of oil fields. The profile control agent provided by the invention is injected into the highly permeable duct type oil deposit in form a double section slug. A plurality of high molecular polyacrylamides and additives are mixed in the preposed section slug to form a compound polymer to block a highly permeable region and large ducts in the oil deposit; a plurality of low molecular polyacrylamides and additives are mixed in the post-posed section slug to boast the characteristics of low viscosity, high mobility and shear resistance. After the pre-posed section slug is blocked, the profile control agent injected into the oil deposit for profile control and displacement, so that small scaled water channeling and fingering phenomena generated by water drive after blocking can be inhibited; the profile control agent contains a proper amount of surfactant, so that the hydrophilicity of rocks of the oil deposit can be improved and a phenomenon that waxiness, colloids and asphaltene which are hard to control by a conventional profile control method are deposited in an immediate vicinity of wellbore is inhibited. The profile control agent disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation method and can be suitable for prepared water, the degree of mineralization of which is 500-35000mg/L, and the raw materials are cheap and easily available.