The invention discloses a free lifting exposure test device, an application and a use method of the device. The device comprises a wheel sliding part and an exposure test rack, wherein the wheel sliding part is connected with the exposure test rack via a rope. The lifting bridge exposure test rack is provided for the first time; the rack can freely ascend and descend in a position to be tested; the particular lifting height is determined according to test requirements; a researcher is not required to climb the exposure test rack to place a test piece during sample detection each time; the sampling is convenient; and a risk is reduced. Connecting springs are arranged on the two sides of a major structure of the exposure test rack; connecting rods also adopt a telescopic structure, so that the exposure test rack can extend and contract in two directions, and is applicable to bridge piers in different designs and wide in application scope.