The invention belongs to the technical field of glycobiology, and particularly relates a method of the target board derivatization of a reducible carbohydrate chain. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a reducible carbohydrate solution, a Girard reagent T solution and a matrix DHB solution separately, and applying the matrix DHB solution, the reducible carbohydrate solution and the Girard reagent T solution at the same point of an MALDI-TOF-MS instrument target board separately; placing the target board subjected to sample application at room temperature till a sample point is completely dried. The invention further provides an analysis method of the MALDI-TOF-MS of a sample subjected to derivatization. The method is high in derivatization efficiency, can effectively prevent the degradation of acid carbohydrate chains, can detect both neutral carbohydrate chains and acid carbohydrate chains in a positive ion mode without switching, and is high in universality and simple and more efficient.