The invention discloses a method and a device for determining a target point position, and a data checking method and device. The method for determining the target point position comprises the following steps that: detecting check accuracy; determining vector data matched with the check accuracy; selecting surface data from the vector data; according to the data of the target point position and each piece of surface data, determining a surface where the target point position is positioned, wherein the surface is a surface where the target point position is positioned, and the surface is a smallest surface in each surface; after the surface where the target point position is positioned is determined, determining each coordinate point in the surface; carrying out comparison check on the coordinate of the target point position and each coordinate point; and determining that the target point data which is not matched with each coordinate point as wrong data. When the method is adopted, the target point only needs to be compared with one surface, and check time can be greatly saved.