A toxic-free aqueous coating used for woodcarving includes, by weight, 10-25 parts of matting powder, 5-12 parts of animal hide glue, 3-8 parts of shellac sheets, 60-80 parts of alcohol, 40-60 parts of pure water, 10-16 parts of organic silica gel, 15-17 parts of silicic acid and 1-3 parts of NaCl. The toxic-free aqueous coating is free of pollutants, pungent smells and toxicity, can avoid hidden risk of formaldehyde in common coatings, has high flatness, is easy to apply, and has strong adhesion force and high flame retarding performance. A coating layer formed by the coating has high hardness and can form a protective layer easily.