The invention relates to a video coding reference block filtering method. The method includes: A, calculating the texture complexity C of a current reference pixel block Bref; B, obtaining a transformation coefficient matrix Iref through DCT of the reference pixel block Bref, and calculating the transverse and vertical frequency distribution intensities of the Bref and the corresponding transverse and vertical filtering factors; C, establishing a filtering template U having the same size with the reference pixel block Bref; D, multiplying the obtained transformation coefficient matrix Iref and a matrix of the filtering template U to obtain a filtered coefficient matrix, and performing IDCT to obtain the filtered reference pixel block; and E, determining whether the filtered reference pixel block is written back to the reference pixel block Bref according to the fact that whether the mean absolute difference and the complexity of the filtered reference pixel block are reduced. According to the method, smooth processing of image textures can be effectively performed, the performance of image coding is obviously enhanced, the filtering of the pixel blocks with good quality and reference is avoided, and the goal of adaptive improvement of the quality of reference images is achieved.