The invention discloses a buffer hydraulic cylinder which comprises a cylinder barrel. A base and an end cover are mounted at two ends of the cylinder barrel, a piston rod is arranged in the cylinder barrel, a guide sleeve, a piston and a buffer plug are connected onto the piston rod, a first buffer spring is arranged between the base and the guide sleeve, a buffer cover is arranged on the inner side of the end cover, a buffer hole corresponding to the buffer cover is formed in the inner side of the buffer cover, a first throttle hole is formed in the buffer cover, a second throttle hole is formed in the base, a pipeline is connected between the first throttle hole and the second throttle hole, and a second buffer spring is arranged between the buffer cover and the piston. The buffer hydraulic cylinder has the advantages that a throttle device and a buffer device are arranged on the piston, movement of the piston is buffered by combined action of the buffer springs and the throttle device, the running speed of the piston is reduced before the piston runs to a stop point, buffer effects are good, impact noise in running is avoided, equipment failure caused by mechanical impact is avoided, and equipment reliability is improved.