The invention provides a chip clamping and flow control device applicable to various prisms, and belongs to the field of nanometer detection and photoelectric sensing. The chip clamping and flow control device consists of three parts which are respectively a device base, a prism clamping device and a liquid storage device, wherein a threaded hole and a sink hole are formed in the base; the base is used for fixing the prism clamping device and fixing the whole device onto a third-party platform; the prism clamping device is an L-shaped frame; a bottom through hole of the prism clamping device is used for being fixed with the base; the vertical surface of the prism clamping device is used for fixing the prism and the liquid storage device; an equilateral prism support frame and a right-angular prism support fame can be used on the vertical surface of the prism clamping device and are respectively used for fixing an equilateral prism and a right-angular prism. The liquid storage device is a rectangular block; a groove used for storing liquid is formed in the center of one side of the rectangular block; meanwhile, the liquid can flow in or out from the groove through the threaded hole formed in the rectangular block.