The invention discloses a curcumin loaded antibacterial fibrous membrane and a preparation method thereof. The antibacterial effect of the prepared fibrous membrane on candida albicans, escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus reaches 93% or higher. The fibrous membrane is composed of an antibacterial agent and a carrier material, wherein curcumin is used as the antibacterial agent, a biodegradable polymer material is used as carrier material, and the two parts are modified by an amphiphilic substance simultaneously. The preparation method has the following specific steps: adding the curcumin, the amphiphilic substance and the biodegradable polymer material into an organic solvent to obtain a spinning solution; spinning the spinning solution with an electrostatic spinning apparatus, and volatilizing the organic solvent to prepare the curcumin loaded antibacterial fibrous membrane. The invention has the advantages that the curcumin loaded antibacterial fibrous membrane is environmentally friendly, the preparation method is simple, the cost is low, and the antibacterial effect reaches 93% or higher.