The invention discloses an anti-blocking efficient cotton spinning dust removal and impurity removal device. The device comprises a dust cage, a stripper roller and a dust collection box, and the stripper roller is arranged on the left side of the dust cage; a rotating shaft and a support are arranged on the periphery of the dust cage; an internal gear, a motor, a driving gear, the dust collection box, a connecting air pipe, a baffle and an air pump are arranged at the lower end of the dust cage; the dust cage is internally provided with a dust suction cover, a dust suction pipeline, a rotating shaft, a support frame plate, a fixed rod, an oscillating rod and a brush. Accordingly, the dust cage is driven to rotate by means of cooperation of the driving gear arranged on the motor and the internal gear arranged at the lower end of the dust cage, and meanwhile the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate; by means of the rotating speed difference with the dust cage, the brush can be made to clean the inner wall of the dust cage continuously, and blocking is avoided; by means of the air pump action, air enters the dust collection box through the dust suction cover, the dust suction pipeline and the connecting air pipe, and in this way, gas emission cleaning can be achieved while dust is removed efficiently.