The invention relates to a line patrolling robot taking a wire in a power transmission line as a channel. The line patrolling robot comprises a body, telescopic arms and a gripper, wherein the top ends of the telescopic arms are connected with the gripper, the bottom ends of the telescopic arms are movably connected with the body; a signal acquisition device is arranged on the body and connected with the telescopic arms; a wireless communication module for data transmission is arranged on the signal acquisition device; a power supply source is further arranged on the body; an electromagnetic induction charging system is arranged on the body; the electromagnetic induction charging system comprises an electric energy receiving device arranged on the body and an electric energy transmitting device arranged on a pole. The line patrolling robot disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the charging of the power supply source is realized through the electromagnetic induction charging system so as to realize the all-weather stable running of the body; the electromagnetic induction charging system comprises the electric energy receiving device arranged on the body and the electric energy transmitting device arranged on the pole; the size and the weight of the body are effectively reduced, the cost required for line patrolling will be reduced, and the economic benefit of the line running is improved.