The invention relates to a dogbone rod yield strength detection structure component and a detection method thereof, which belongs to the field of automobile accessories. The detection structure component provided by the invention comprises a platen, a dogbone body, a base, a pressing plate, a stop block and a semi-circular slot. The dogbone body comprises a dogbone head, a dogbone rod and a dogtail tail, wherein the dogbone head, the dogbone rod and the dogtail tail are mutually connected. The dogbone head and the dogtail tail are provided with circular holes. The base is arranged on the platen. The pressing plate is arranged above the base. The stop block is arranged in the middle of the platen. The dogbone body is arranged on the base. The semi-circular slot contacts the dogbone rod. The invention further provides a dogbone rod yield strength detection method convenient for operation. The dogbone rod yield strength detection structure component provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, low cost, convenient operation and accurate measurement data, and prevents a dogbone from shifting.