The invention discloses a cache replacement algorithm based on the CP-ABE attribute access mechanism. Firstly, a cloud storage data access strategy based on CP-ABE encryption is analyzed, and according to CP-ABE encrypted data, the effective cache replacement algorithm, namely the minimum attribute value algorithm (MAV) is provided. The algorithm is combined with the access strategy of encrypted files, the high-frequency attribute value is calculated, through the combination of the attribute similarity and the file size, the attribute values of the files are calculated, and the cache file with the smallest file attribute value is replaced. The experimental results show that according to data obtained after CP-ABE encryption, the cache replacement algorithm is more excellent than traditional and classical LRU, LFU, SIZE cache replacement algorithms in terms of the request hit rate and byte hit rate of the encrypted files.