Embodiments of the invention provide a remote desktop-based live broadcast method and live broadcast device. The live broadcast method comprises the steps of collecting first display data of a live broadcast image through multiple cameras of a first terminal device, and distributing the first display data to multiple second terminal devices through a cloud server corresponding to the first terminal device; acquiring second display data of at least one application in the first terminal device, and combining the first display data and the second display data according to a predetermined image synthesis manner so as to obtain data projected and displayed on a screen; and sending the data projected and displayed on the screen to at least one third terminal device through a predetermined network channel, so as to be used for previewing an image projected and displayed on the screen in the live broadcast process. Through adoption of the remote desktop-based live broadcast method and live broadcast device, a user can perform live broadcast without depending on the mobile terminal in the live broadcast process, so that the audio and video live broadcast performance is improved, a problem of short endurance in the live broadcast process is solved, and multiple use requirements of the user are met.