The invention relates to a self-walking-type small-particle rhizome crop combination harvester. The harvester can effectively achieve the purposes of improving the fruit screening effect and primary product yield of the small-particle rhizome crops. According to the technical scheme, the harvester includes a chassis and a cab, a rack and an engine which are installed on the chassis; the chassis is assembled with a walking wheel driven by the engine, and the rack is provided with a locating soil-pulverizing feeding device, a lifting conveying device, a longitudinal double-layer vibrating screen, a transverse double-layer vibrating screen, a wind-power lifting screening and conveying device and a top single-layer vibrating screen, which are driven by the engine, respectively; the locating soil-pulverizing feeding device is arranged at the feeding end of the lifting screening and conveying device. The self-walking-type small-particle rhizome crop combination harvester has the advantages of being novel and unique in structure, simple, reasonable and easy to operate; through targeted multi-stage screening, a good screening effect is achieved, and the primary product yield of fruits is improved greatly; moreover, the work efficiency is high, the application range is large, it is convenient to use, the effect is good, and the harvester is an innovation of small-particle rhizome crop harvest devices.