The invention provides a lithium battery gel electrolyte, comprising gel substrate and lithium ion solution injected into gel substrate. The gel substrate is formed by physically mixing cellulose, oligomer ion liquid and thickener. The cellulose is one or more of polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, vinylon and aramid fiber. The oligomer ion liquid is synthesized through liquid epoxy resin. The thickener is one or more of nano-Al<2>O<3>, TiO<2>, MgO, BaTiO<3>, Fe<3>O<4> and SiO<2>. The electrolyte has the beneficial effects that due to the hydrophilic property of the cellulose, the wettability of the cellulose is good, moreover, the heat stability of the cellulose is good, and heat shrinkage does not occurs under 300 degrees centigrade; and the cellulose is low in cost and abundant in resource and has no pollution, so a low-cost persistent solution method for development of the power lithium battery gel polymer electrolyte is provided.