The invention relates to a high temperature resistant multilayer ceramic wool board, which consists of a thermal insulation layer, an intermediate layer, a matrix layer and a fixed layer. The multilayer ceramic wool board is characterized in that: the thermal insulation layer is composed of aerogel silica and potassium hexatitanate whisker, the porosity of the aerogel silica is 85-95%, the mass fraction of potassium hexatitanate whisker is 15-20%, and the thermal insulation capability of the ceramic wool board is effectively improved; the intermediate layer is a binding agent; the matrix layer is ceramic fiber, and a layer of latticed metal net is welded to the matrix layer by resistance spot-welding or brazing, so that the wool board can adapt to different products and environments; the ceramic fiber is composed of 52-60% of alumina, 10-15% of silica, 8-10% of iron oxide, and 15-30% of zirconium oxide, and the alumina, iron oxide and silica are made from coal gangue as the raw material, the cost is lowered, and nanoscale zirconium oxide is formed by ZrO2, Y2O3 and H2O2. The invention utilizes a multilayer composite structure to prepare the ceramic wool board that can be used under high temperature and complex working conditions, is low in cost and has long service life, and the multilayer ceramic wool board has wide market application value.