Disclosed is a fast construction method for controlling extruded type deformation of a tunnel. The fast construction means that relative to the construction speed or construction efficiency of arranging a common temporary transverse support, a foot locking anchor rod and the like, the speed is increased or the efficiency is improved, the fast construction is suitable for operation spaces of fractional construction of a tunnel bench cut method, primary supporting steel arch frame and arch foot deformation can be effectively controlled, so that the construction efficiency is improved advantageously, and the construction safety is ensured advantageously. The fast construction method for controlling extruded type deformation of the tunnel is characterized in that the fast construction method comprises the following steps that (1), in the fractional construction of the tunnel bench cut method, arch foot basal troughs are dug out from the left side and the right side of a previous step; and (2), arch foot deformation control devices are arranged in the arch foot basal troughs, when the arch foot deformation control devices dig downwards an adjacent next step, and hanging arm supports capable of being disassembled and assembled are formed in the a plurality arch feet longitudinally distributed in same level primary supporting.