The invention provides a method of associating lightning data with operation data of a power transmission line. The comprises the following steps: step one, injecting W, E, D, F component attributes; step two, carrying out data connection and scalarization on lightning data based on a K-means method; step three, searching frequent items by using Apriori and finding out a result meeting a support degree and confidence; step four, setting a precondition lhs and a postcondition rhs and filtering the result; and step five, restoring the scalarization lightning data to obtain knowledge having guiding significance. According to the method provided by the invention, With the lightning data related with main faults, an association analysis is carried out based on a power transmission line as an element; and a frequent rule the influence on the power transmission line by the lightning force is discovered from lots of defect faults, so that the power transmission line is repaired in a targeted manner. Therefore, fault and defect occurrence is reduced and the reference basis is provided.