The invention discloses a method for rapidly identifying human parathyroid glands. The method is realized by using parathyroid hormone (PTH) fluorescence immunochromatography test paper to determine the content of PTH in liquid to be detected; the test paper is used for detecting human PTH by using a double-antibody sandwich method and a fluorescence immunochromatography; the antibodies are prepared by using specific antigenic epitope peptide. The method can be used for accurately detecting the human PTH in a matter to be detected, and is simple and convenient to operate, wide in detection range, high in specificity and good in sensitivity.