The present invention provides a cryopreservation device that makes it possible to automatically extract an intended sample, and prevent the temperature of samples other than the intended sample from increasing. A cryopreservation device (1) is provided, including: a cryopreservation vessel (2) that internally accommodates a drawer (13) configured to store vials side by side in a vertical direction in each box and has an opening communicating with a task space (3) provided in an upper surface thereof; a drawer-raising/lowering device (4) that raises and lowers the drawer (13) in the vertical direction via the opening in a state where the drawer (13) is gripped and maintains the drawer (13) at an arbitrary height; a first stage (5) that is provided above the cryopreservation vessel (2) so as to be adjacent to the opening as seen in plan view and allows the box to be placed thereon; and a second pressing device (8) that presses the box to move the box to the first stage (5).