The invention discloses a tracer-technique-based detection method for the types of running water sources in frozen soil. The tracer-technique-based detection method includes 1), collecting an undisturbed soil sample from a sampling site to prepare a testing undisturbed soil column; 2), adding three tracer agents into water to prepare solutions; 3), infiltrating the first tracer agent solution into the soil column in an artificial rainfall mode to simulate soil water supply based on rainfall and accumulated water infiltration, simulating an underground water system by the second tracer agent solution, replenishing soil water through hollow billet rising until the soil water in the soil column reaches a saturation state, and standing the soil column till a natural state is reached; 4), completely freezing the soil column by a refrigerating device to form the frozen soil; 5), heating the soil column by a heating device to simulate a melting process of the frozen soil; 6), infiltrating the third tracer agent solution into the soil column in an artificial rainfall mode, and collecting water samples at different heights and the bottom of the soil column; 7), analyzing the source of moisture in the soil by measuring the contents and the types of the tracer agents in the collected water samples.