The invention discloses an ecological bank protection body. The ecological bank protection body comprises a box with the rectangular cross section; a plurality of first water vents are evenly formed in the rear side wall of the box; a middle transverse partition plate is arranged in the box and divides the box into an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure; the front side of the lower layer structure of the box is open; a vertical partition plate perpendicular to the rear side wall of the box is arranged in the lower layer structure of the box and divides the lower layer structure of the box into a plurality of fish tanks which are parallel left and right; the vertical partition plate is provided with second water vents; the upper layer structure of the box forms a sloping planting tank; and third water vents are formed in the front side wall of the sloping planting tank. The invention further provides a bank protection structure adopting the ecological bank protection body. The ecological bank protection body is divided into the upper layer and the lower layer, the fish tanks on the lower layer can provide a good habitat environment for aquatic organisms, and the planting tank on the upper layer can be used for planting various hydrophilous plants, so that a good landscape effect is created for river banks, and the ecological bank protection body and the bank protection structure adopting the ecological bank protection body can be used for river bank protection of rivers, streams and lakes.