The invention discloses a multi-channel audible noise synchronous measurement system. The system comprises an audible noise measurement module, a host computer, a calculation module and an environment monitoring module, and is characterized in that the audible noise measurement module is used for measuring noise value data of an A-weighted sound level and different components, receiving a data uploading instruction of the host computer through a wireless communication module and transmitting the measured noise value data of the A-weighted sound level and the different components to the host computer; the host computer is used for receiving a data reading instruction, transmitting a data uploading instruction to the audible noise measurement module and transmitting the measured noise value data of the A-weighted sound level and the different components to the calculation module; the calculation module is used for transmitting a data reading instruction to the host computer according to a preset time interval threshold and receiving and displaying the measured noise value data of the A-weighted sound level and the different components and environment monitoring data; and the environment monitoring module is used for monitoring the environment of a substation to acquire environment monitoring data and transmitting the environment monitoring data to the calculation module.