The present invention provides a system and a method for on-line monitoring partial discharge of a 10KV cable oriented for moving inspection. The system includes a partial discharge monitoring module, a GPS module, a station chamber operation and maintenance terminal, a wired/wireless communication private network and a mobile inspection server. In combination with an existing distribution station chamber, the communication equipment of ring main unit and the GPS module and the intelligent operation and maintenance terminal containing cable asset information and through the addition of the partial discharge monitoring module, the standardized access of the partial discharge information of the cable is completed and the standardized cable partial discharge information is uploaded to the mobile inspection server so as to complete the real-time monitoring of the online partial discharge information of the cable and to effectively support the mobile inspection system to solve the problems in an existing distribution network mobile inspection system that cable equipment status data and fault location information are not available in rapid require and fault prediction, greatly reducing cable troubleshooting time. In addition, the use of existing distribution and communication facilities reduces the cost of constructing separate communication facilities.