The invention relates to an anti-overloading screw drilling tool. The anti-overloading screw drilling tool comprises a bypass valve assembly, a motor assembly, a universal joint assembly and a transmission shaft assembly, and the four assemblies are in threaded connection into the screw drilling tool from top to bottom in sequence; and an anti-overloading assembly is further arranged between the universal joint assembly and the transmission shaft assembly. When the screw drilling tool is in overloading work and toque transmitted to a transmission short section by a transmission shaft is excessive and exceeds the set value, pressure provided by a disc spring group is not sufficient to maintain the contact state of toothed structures of a spline short section and the transmission short section, and the toothed structure of the transmission short section is separated from the toothed structure of the spline short section in the axial direction, so that the excessive torque transmitted to the spline short section, the universal joint assembly and the motor assembly is avoided, damage to the motor assembly due to excessive motor pressure drop caused by the excessive torque is avoided, and the service life of the screw drilling tool is effectively improved.