The invention provides a bridge construction method with greening structures, and belongs to the field of bridge construction. The method includes the steps of building a major bridge structure, arranging guardrails on both sides of the bridge, arranging greening plates on the guardrails and making the greening plates positioned on the outer sides of the bridge; turning over each planting plate to a horizontal position, fixing the planting plates, and placing potted plants on the planting plates, wherein each greening plate is of a rectangular structure, the top of each greening plate is connected to a cross bar on the top of the corresponding guardrail so that the greening plates can be arranged vertically downwards, the greening plates are provided with connecting holes which are of rectangular structures, and the top of each connecting hole is in pin joint with the corresponding planting plate which can be overturned upwards. In this way, both sides of the bridge can be provided with the greening structures, the bridge is beautiful no matter from how far a person looks, and the air quality of surrounding areas of the bridge can be improved. The bridge construction method can be applied to not only the bridges for vehicle traffic but pedestrian bridges. Meanwhile, the bridge construction method is simple in construction process and has wide room for improvement in the later period.