The invention discloses a detection robot used for an optical diffraction experiment. A row of transmission wheels are installed on each side of a robot main body support, the robot main body support is internally provided with motors which are connected with the corresponding transmission wheels, the bottom of the robot main body support is provided with a battery box, the battery box is internally provided with a battery, the upper portion of the rear side of the robot main body support is provided with a single chip microcomputer main body support, the upper portion of the middle side of the robot main body support is provided with a transformer and a first L-shaped support, the corner of the upper portion of the front side of the robot main body support is provided with a camera, a circumferential steering engine is connected with one side portion of the first L-shaped support, the other side of the circumferential steering engine is connected with a laser instrument through a second L-shaped support, a steel plate used for the experiment is fixed to the laser instrument, the experiment end of the steel plate used for the experiment is located in the front of the laser instrument after being bent, and the upper portion of the single chip microcomputer main body support is provided with a digital display screen, a power driving structure, a chip of a single chip microcomputer and a wifi structure. According to the detection robot, the optical physical experiment and the robot are combined, and fully-automatic operation is achieved by operating the robot, so that the phenomenon of the physical experiment is revealed, and then it is convenient for students to observe and understand.