The invention discloses a dehydrogenation catalyst and a preparation method and application method thereof. The dehydrogenation catalyst and the preparation method and application method thereof comprises the following content that: the catalyst comprises (a) 0.1-5 parts of at least one kind of metal, which is selected from elements of the group eight of the periodic table of elements, or one kindof alloy of the metal, ( b) 1-20 parts of carbon element and (c) 75-99 parts of a carrier; the dehydrogenation catalyst is prepared in the following steps that: (a) carbon covering treatment is conducted on the carrier to obtain a carbon covering carrier, and (b) an active component is introduced in an impregnation or precipitation mode; (3) an active component is introduced in an impregnation orprecipitation mode for preparation of the dehydrogenation catalyst. The technical problems which are to be solved by the invention are uneven dispersion of Pt and easy coking, poor activity and poorstability of the catalyst in the prior art, and when the provided dehydrogenation catalyst and the preparation method of the dehydrogenation catalyst are applied to dehydrogenation of low-carbon alkane or a dehydrogenation reaction of an organic liquid hydrogen storage material, the catalyst has the advantages that the degree of dispersion of Pt is high, the carrier is not acidic, almost no cokingis caused in the process of the reaction, and the dehydrogenation catalyst has high activity and stability; besides, the dehydrogenation catalyst can be applied to industrial application of dehydrogenation of alkane or the organic liquid hydrogen storage material.