The invention discloses a centralized control method for the voltage of a power distribution network based on component coordination control rules, which comprises the steps of providing a power flowcalculation model for a DG (Distributed Generation) containing power distribution network by considering a typical 24-hour DG output and load prediction curve, the DG installed capacity and a grid-connected power factor range; defining a voltage out-of-limit judgment indicator of the power distribution network, and accurately judging a voltage out-of-limit condition of the power distribution network according to a power flow calculation result; providing a centralized voltage control strategy under different voltage out-of-limit conditions so as to improve the voltage qualification rate of thepower distribution network after DG is connected. The traditional voltage regulating method at present cannot completely effectively and economically solve a problem of voltage rising at a grid connection point, so that the centralized control method is provided for solving the problem by means of a DG power generation system, the voltage regulating ability of the DG power generation system is fully utilized, the centralized component coordination control strategy in allusion to different voltage out-of-limit conditions is proposed on the basis of comprehensively considering the voltage regulating abilities of components such as DG and an on-load tap changing transformer and coordination control thereof, and the cost is saved.