The present invention discloses an urban high-resolution remote sensing image shadow detection and segmentation method. The method includes the following steps that: image quantification is performedon urban multi-band remote sensing images, shadow detection and compensation are performed on the quantized remote sensing images on the basis of chi-square transformation, so that shadow compensatedimages can be obtained; and a multi-scale J-image sequence is calculated for the obtained shadow compensated images, and multi-scale segmentation and region combination are performed, so that final remote sensing image segmentation results can be obtained. With the method of the invention adopted, weak edges and false edges caused by shadows can be can effectively dealt with. The segmentation accuracy of the method is significantly improved; and the method has high reliability.